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Title:
The physicochemical analysis of propolis and the possibility of its standardization
Author:
Subject:
HPLC ; propolis ; phenolic acids ; GC-MS ; flavonoids
Abstract:
The subject of this analysis is ethanolic extracts of propolis from the area of Poland which have been analyzed to establish their chemical composition and identify biological active compounds. As a result of the analysis chemical compounds such as caffeic acid, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, pinocembrin, pinobanksine acetate, galangin, chrysin, phenylethyl caffeate and 1,1–dimethylallyl caffeate were identified and determined. Samples were examined to appreciate their antibacterial activity in relation to Staphylococcus aureus and antifungal activity in relation to Candida albicans. For the purpose of studying antioxidant activity the CUPRAC method was used. Results were performed in relation to trolox. The samples showed high antioxidant activity and results ranged from 49,5 mmol/g to 78,0 mmol/g. Concentration of each compound was compared with antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activity. For assessment the indirect analysis of standards and their model mixtures as well as the statistic methods were applied. In search of active compounds a choice of propolis tinctures were fractioned using column chromatography. The fractions were analyzed by HPLC, GC-MS and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated. In the evaluation of products assigned for therapy, except for the determination of active compounds, the examination of their purity was taken into consideration so tha ; t the contents of cupric, zinc, iron, cadmium and lead’s ions was determined.