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Subject:
pelvic floor disorders ; puerperium ; pelvic floor muscles ; physiotherapy
Abstract:
Introduction: During pregnancy and postpartum, a woman's body adapts to many changes. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the occurrence of pelvic floor disorders among postpartum patients, to determine what myofascial factors co-occur with the disorder and to assess the effectiveness of exercises to prevent pelvic floor muscle (PFM) disorders. Materials and methods: 396 women participated in the study and 261 completed it. Patients were randomly assigned to three groups: Control, where women received only education, online and stationary exercises. On the 3rd-4th day of the postpartum period, women completed questionnaires, body posture, trigger point pain and diastasis of the recti abdominis were assessed. In the 6th week of postpartum, women were sent online versions of the questionnaires. Results: Urological and vaginal complaints in the 6th week of the postpartum were greater than before pregnancy (p<0.001). Multiparous women reported urinary incontinence (UI) significantly more often than primiparous women (p=0.034), and primiparous reported more intimate problems than multiparous (p=0.049). Stationary physiotherapy was more effective in reducing PFM symptoms than education alone (p<0.001). Most women declared that they performed PFM exercises, but a small percentage exercised correctly (p<0.001). Conclusions: UI and intimate life dysfunctions are the most common p ; elvic floor disorders in the postpartum period. Women's awareness of PFM exercises and urogynecological physiotherapy is low. Physiotherapy is an effective form of alleviating symptoms of urological disorders of the pelvic floor.
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Rada Dyscypliny Nauki o zdrowiu