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Title: The assessment of the relationship between diet, body, weight and the profile of organic acids in feces and selected pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood of patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Abstract:
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, with periods of exacerbation and remission, which etiology is still not fully understood. The contribution of environmental, genetic and immunological factors is described. In recent years, the number of patients suffering from these diseases has been increasing, therefore, the methods of treatment are constantly being modified. However, given the probable, complex etiology, working with patients requires focusing on all its aspects. An important role is played by the intestinal microbiota, which, can affect both positively and negatively the course of intestinal inflammation. Modifiable factors, affecting the microbiota and the course of inflammatory bowel diseases, include appropriate diet, proper nutritional status and stable body weight. The diet used, through the microbiota, can affect the metabolites produced by it as well as pro- and anti-inflammatory substances, which include, among others, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), pro- and anti inflammatory cytokines. In addition, the mierobiota plays an important role in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis. Previous studies have shown that dysbiosis may contribute to the intensification of inflammatory changes in the intestine, and thus exacerbate the course of the disease. SCFAs are produced from soluble fiber, supplied from the regula ; r diet. In the period of homeostasis, they are present in the intestines in specific ratios. They are the main source of energy for colonocytes, increase the integrity of the intestinal barrier, and also have antiinflammatory properties. Literature data indicate that the acid profile is altered in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, but the role o f diet as a factor regulating this profile has not been described so far. Previous studies and observations of patients indicated a relationship between disease exacerbations and weight loss and concomitant malnutrition. However, in recent months a trend has been observed which shows that patients are overweight with concomitant malnutrition. Considering the role of diet, nutrients and body weight in the course of IBD, it is particularly important to look at the oral diets most often used by patients. Proper nutrition can help to support healing, and poor diet can induce inflammation. However, it is not known how diet and weight fluctuations affect the production o f interleukins, in patients with IBD. It also seems important the fact that the patient's nutritional status may be associated with specific disease parameters, such as iron, hemoglobin, CRP levels. Anemia is considered the most common metabolic complication of inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, it seems that proper nutrition contributes to the improvement of pat ; ient outcomes. So far, detailed guidelines for the nutrition of patients with IBD in the period of remission of the disease have not been clearly defined. Bearing in mind the importance of diet in these diseases, it seems important to conduct further research and search for nutrients that may affect their course and contribute to the remission of the disease. The aim of the study was to describe the relationship between nutritional rarameters, disease severity factors and the SCFAs profile in IBD, including: 1/ examining the SCFAs profile in patients with IBD and in the control group, determining the impact of changes in SCFAs concentrations on the picture of inflammation in the large intestine and intestinal mucosa, 2/ assessing the relationship retween the type of diet consumed and the amount of fiber in the diet, as well as body weight and the production of organic acids ry intestinal bacteria, and establishing the correlation between diet and the concentration of pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines, 3/ assessing the relationship between body weight and the inflammatory process in IBD and the used treatment and body weight, and dietary diversity. The study was conducted in a group of 77 patients, including 43 patients with UC, 18 patients with Ch. L-C and 16 from the control group. Diagnosis and activity assessment were carried out by gastroenterologists involved in the stud ; y and writing of the manuscripts. The assessment of the consumed diet was based on a proprietary nutritional questionnaire and a standard 24-hour nutritional interview. The author's questionnaire assessed the dietary choices o f the respondents, but also considered the dietary eliminations used. The questions related to the diet of the subjects concerned the period of 3 months preceding the study. Recruitment for the Study was carried out in the ward and the outpatient clinic operating at the ward. Two venous blood samples were collected for morphology, biochemical and cytokine tests. In addition, a stool sample was collected to assess bacterial metabolites. Laboratory tests: qualitative and quantitative determination of organic acids in feces using the capillary electrophoresis technique with CE-UV spectrophotometric detection. The concentration of pro- and anti inflammatory cytokines: TNF- , IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-22 in the blood serum was carried out using the immunoenzymatic method. Statistical analysis was performed using STATISTICA v. 13 (statsoft, Tulsa, OK, USA) and SIMCA-P v.9 (Umetrics, Umea, Sweden). Bearing in mind the important role of nutrition in the course of IBD, as well as the results obtained in our studies, a literature review was conducted to describe the relationship between the most commonly used diets in IBD and their impact on patients' body weight, po ; tential pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, as well as on nutritional status. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles set out in the Declaration of Helsinki, after informing the participants in detail and after obtaining informed consent. The Bioethics Committee approved the study - opinion No. 1072/6120/18/2018. Nine acids were identified in the blood samples: succinic, acetic, lactic, propionic, butyric, isobutyric, valeric, isovaleric and phosphoric. Serum cytokine levels for IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-22 and TNF-a and zonulin were determined. Patients with UC most often used a lowresidue diet with a low content of fiber.
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Rada Dyscypliny Nauki medyczne
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Last modified:
Jan 28, 2025
In our library since:
Jan 28, 2025
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2
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http://dl.cm-uj.krakow.pl:8080/publication/5188
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| Edition name | Date |
|---|---|
| ZB-141598 | Jan 28, 2025 |
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