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Title:
Analysis of Clostridioides difficile infections in patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Author:
Subject:
cClostridioides difficile ; cardiac surgery ; risk factors ; acid-base balance ; lactate
Abstract:
Clostridioides difficile is the most common cause of nosocomial diarrhea. Recently, the incidence, severity and mortality of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) increased rapidly. The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk factors, severity of the disease and final outcomes of CDI in patients after cardiac surgery. These retrospective studies were performed by reviewing the medical records of adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology of John Paul II Hospital in Krakow. The study showed that: older age, higher EUROScore, chronic comorbidities, medications (including proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics ) were the risk factors for CDI occurrence. A relapse of the disease was observed more often in obese patients, with a high glucose level on the first day after surgery and a high level of C-reactive protein during the first episode of diarrhea, in patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus. Emergent procedures, prolonged intensive care unit length of stay, extended mechanical ventilation and high white blood cell count during the diarrhea were associated with higher mortality in CDI patients. The type and timing of cardiac surgery, aortic cross-clamp time and cardiopulmonary bypass time, the amount of postoperative drainage and transfused blood products did not affect the CDI occurrence ; . The research found that perioperative acid-base abnormalities may predictors for the development of CDI after cardiac surgery.