@misc{Olszewska_Marta_New_2023,
 author={Olszewska, Marta},
 address={Kraków},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2023},
 school={Rada Dyscypliny Nauki medyczne},
 language={pol; eng},
 abstract={This dissertation’s main objective was to investigate new, fully objective methods of pain assessment in newborns and to analyze selected short- and long-term consequences of exposure to repeated painful stimuli. The first article focuses on the assessment of behavioral and physiological reactions in newborns undergoing lung ultrasound (LUS). It was revealed that LUS causes significant, short-term changes in vital parameters, which persist the longest in very preterm newborns. It was also shown that over 1/3 of neonates may perceive LUS as a painful procedure. The second article assessed the usefulness of salivary cortisol (SC) assessment for monitoring procedural pain intensity. SC concentrations before and after different procedures were analyzed. A significant correlation between changes in SC values and pain intensity according to the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale was revealed. The utility of monitoring SC changes for pain intensity assessment during skin-breaking procedures was confirmed. The third article analyzed the effect of repeated exposure to painful stimuli on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity. It was observed that values of morning SC are slightly higher in very preterm infants than in newborns with more advanced gestational age. However, the correlation between morning SC and procedural pain exposure was not revealed.},
 title={New methods of pain assessment and monitoring its consequences in newborns},
 type={Praca doktorska},
 keywords={newborn, prematurity, pain, cortisol, ultrasound},
}