@misc{Czech_Anna_Bimanual_2024,
 author={Czech, Anna},
 address={Kraków},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2024},
 school={Rada Dyscypliny Nauki medyczne},
 language={pol; eng},
 abstract={A prospective study aimed to evaluate the concordance between clinical stage of bladder cancer assessed by bimanual examination under anesthesia (EUA) and pathological stage in cystectomy specimens, the diagnostic accuracy of EUA, and the value of EUA in assessing bladder resectability during cystectomy. The study included data from 134 patients who underwent cystectomy between 2017 and 2020 at a single academic center. Two examiners performed EUA before cystectomy, with one blinded to imaging results. Soft tissue surgical margin status in cystectomy specimens served as a measure of resectability. EUA allowed for accurate assessment of bladder cancer T stage in 80% of patients. The understaging rate in EUA was 15%, while the overstaging rate was 5%. The results of the examiner blinded to imaging were comparable to those of the examiner aware of imaging findings. Identification of limited bladder mobility in preoperative EUA provided prognostic information on surgical margins. Despite the availability of imaging studies, EUA should not be overlooked as it remains a valuable tool for preoperative assessment of bladder cancer stage and resectability during cystectomy.},
 title={Bimanual palpation in assessing bladder cancer stage and bladder resectability during cystectomy : a prospective study},
 type={Praca doktorska},
 keywords={bladder cancer, bimanual palpation, cystectomy, exam under anesthesia, margins of excision, muscle- invasive bladder cancer, staging},
}