Search for: [Abstract = "tality ratios \(SMRs\). Mortality ratios and long\-term survival analysis with Kaplan\-Meier estimator and log\-rank tests with univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model were used. In the second part of the study from 1774 identified eligible participants with isolated DRF aged ≥ 18 years divided into operative and nonoperative groups we have randomly chosen 240 patients\: 120 treated surgically and 120 nonsurgically who were contacted via phone or mail. Of approached 240 patients, 29 patients declined to enter the study, 4 were deceased. Observation period was at least 1 year after DRF. All participants gave written informed consent. Each participant fulfilled questionnaire including data on inter alia\: age at the time of trauma, sex, hand side of fracture, hand dominance, energy of injury, education, smoking, work status, time of medical leave. Prereduction, post reduction and study final radiographs were assessed. Fractures were classified using AO classification. During an appointment standard radiographs of fractured and contralateral side were taken. Radiographic parameters such as radial length, ulnar variance, volar tilt, teardrop angle \(TDA\), anteroposterior distance \(APD\) were assessed. Radiographic outcomes were based on final patient x\- ray. Orthopedic examination of both upper extremities was performed. Hand grip and pinch strength data were collected."]

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