Search for: [Abstract = "l \(Ni\) NPs, the smallest size fraction of a PM2.5 metric, was estimated. To accomplish this, zeta potential was measured, the degree of plasmid DNA damage was assessed, hemolytic properties were determined, as well as the effect of NPs on vascular endothelial cell motility was examined.Elements associated with individual heating houses \(Al, Fe, Zn, Pb, K, P\) and adaptation of roads for winter use \(Na, Si, Ca, Mg\) were found in PM2.5 near and away from heavily trafficked road, yet in different proportions. Moreover, a presence of benzo\[a\]pyrene in concentration exceeding limit values, and 12 other PAHs, which originated from traffic and households emissions, was confirmed. Differences in chemical composition of PM2.5 samples from both locations significantly affected a degree of cytotoxicity in the three\-dimensional cultures of bronchial epithelium. Histopathological analysis revealed the presence of numerous vacuoles deforming the pseudo\-stratified structure of the tissue and cytolysis at the highest used concentration 180 μg\/cm2. Disturbed integrity of the bronchial epithelium was also confirmed by measuring a trans\-epithelial electrical resistance. Analysis of gene expression associated with oxidative stress showed that the four\-hour incubation of bronchial epithelium with PM2.5 particles from both sites, at a dose 20 μg\/cm2, and the corresponding quantities of organic extrac"]
