Search for: [Abstract = "either the level of pain experienced, as measured by the VAS scale, nor self\-efficacy \(GSES\), differed significantly among the study groups. In contrast, parturients who chose medicalization believed that pain complaints may have been influenced by random events \(p=0.02\). The analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in plasma levels of epinephrine, β\-endorphin, cortisol and oxytocin between the study groups with labor medicalization and women and without without medical intervention \(p>0.05\). Conclusions\: Methods of labor medicalization are abandoned more frequently by multiparous women. Those giving birth in the active phase of labor were more likely to forgo labor medicalization. The type of labor medicalization used differed between primiparous and multiparous women. Primiparous women were more likely to opt for labor analgesia, while multiparous women were more likely to use oxytocin. In contrast, there were no differences in hormone concentrations in subjects who chose methods of labor medicalization and those who opted out of it."]

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