Search for: [Abstract = "Colorectal cancer \(CRC\) is one of the most common tumors in human population. Several risk factors such as epidemiological, intestinal and diet have been identified. Researchers still look for factors that would be able to join these elements in a logical way. One of such integrating factors could be 28\-amino acid hormone, discovered in 1999, named “ghrelin”. At present, function of ghrelin is a subject of intensive research. Its wide distribution in the human body indicate a wide spectrum of application. Published results show a possible direct or indirect role of ghrelin in the carcinogenesis of the colorectal and other cancers. However, ghrelin level and\/or changes in ghrelin level in CRC patients have not been studied in detail until now. Research hypothesis\: Based on published results it is possible that ghrelin could be primary or secondary risk factor of developing colorectal cancer and its level and\/or changes in level in blood differ between healthy individuals and patients with colorectal cancer. Aim\: The aim of this research was to determine usefulness of ghrelin measure in blood plasma in patients with colorectal cancer through comparison of ghrelin level in male and female group\: in fasting state in patients with CRC and healthy group, after ingestion of long chain triglycerides and before and after operation. Plasma ghrelin level was also compared between subgroups divided in respect of location of CRC, its staging, grading presence or absence of mucinous adenocarcinoma cells. Furthermore, correlation between plasma ghrelin level and selected parameters of nutritional status, carcinoembryonic antigen \(CEA\) and plasma leptin level were examined in group of patients with colorectal cancer. Material and Methods\: 47 patients with CRC \(23 male and 22 female\; ranging in age from 36 to 85 years with a mean of 68.1 years\) treated in the Department of General Surgery and 37 healthy individuals \(16 male and 21 female\; ranging in age from 22 to 67 years with a mean age of 40.4 years\) were included in the study. From patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the full protocol was carried out in 31 patients. In 16 patients ghrelin level was measured before and on the 7. postoperative day due to technical and methodological problems. The full protocol of the study consisted of preoperative collection of ghrelin fasting blood sample, ingestion of 100 ml long chain triglycerides and blood sampling performed every 60min for 2 housers postprandialy. Additionally, a fasting blood sample was collected on the 7. day postoperatively. Selected parameters, including body mass index, nutritional status, location of tumor, grading, staging, preoperative CEA and leptin level were analyzed in this study. Total ghrelin and leptin level in plasma were analyzed using commercially available RIA. Forty percent, 23%, 17%, 10%, 8% and 2% of the subjects were affected, respectively, by carcinomas of the rectum, sigmoideum, caecum, colon descendens, colon ascendens and transversum. All the patients were operated on. Three \(6.4%\), 12 \(25.5%\), 6 \(12.8%\), 8 \(17%\) and 13 \(27.6%\) of the subjects had, respectively, local excision using TEM \(Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery\), right hemicolectomy, left hemicolectomy, sigmoidectomy, low anterior and intersphincteric rectum resection. All these patients had a macro\- and microscopic radical operation. Colorectal adenocarcinoma was confirmed in all cases in postoperative histopathological examination. Ten percent of the adenocarcinomas were at stage pT1 according to TNM staging system, 17% at stage pT2 , 10% at stage pT3 and 61% at stage pT4. In 26 patients \(55,3%\) there was no regional lymph nodes invasion detected \(pN0\). In 10 subjects \(21,3%\) there was between 1 and 3 positive lymph nodes \(pN1\) and in 11 \(23,4%\) over 3 positive lymph nodes \(pN2\) were detected."]

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