Search for: [Abstract = "169 subjects were enrolled into the study\:1\) 65 patients with major depression or recurrent depressive disorder who metcriteria of drug\-resistance according to Helmchenfs definition\;2\) 54 patients with major depression or recurrent depressive disorder whoachieved .50% reduction in symptoms severity3\) 50 healthy volunteers as a control group.The groups did not differ significantly in terms of the most importantsociodemografic data\; age, sex ratio, level of education. 6 investigational hypotheseshave been put forward. Two of them have been confirmed, 2 have been partlyconfirmed, and 2 have not been confirmed at all.The data gathered from BDI and HDRS have reached the severity of majordepression. In terms of BDI scores, drug\-resistant and drug\-non\-resistant subjectsdid not differ in terms of the severity of depressive symptoms at baseline. Patients inboth groups experienced in their own opinion very similar level of severity ofdepressive symptoms, however the higher arithmetic mean was observed in groupwith not sufficient response. In terms of HDRS scores, subjects with drug\-resistantdepression presented with statistically more severe depressive symptoms, suggestingthat severity of depression at baseline might be a predictor of drug\-resistance.High trait anxiety \(as indicated by the two subscales of STAI inventory\)was bound to higher likelihood of drug\-resistance. Level of anxiety as a state and aswell as a feature exceeded mean value of 60 points in the group of patients withdrug\-resistant depression, as opposed to depressive patients who responded well tothe therapy. In the group of non\-drug\-resistant patients arithmetic mean withstandard deviation did not exceed the value of 60 points, and the difference betweenthis group and the group of drug\-resistant patients was statistically significant foranxiety as a state as well as feature.An Assessment of bipolar spectrum features showed a statisticallysignificant difference between groups of drug\-resistant and drug\-non\- resistantpatients. In the latter group more subjects scored positively on MDQ, as opposed tothe hypothesis of connection between drug\-resistance and undiagnosed features ofbipolarity.In all groups, the most common type of relationship with mothers \(analyzedby the PBI questionnaire\) was the one described as .control without a feelingh. Intwo depressive groups this kind of bond was present in over 60% of patients, and inthe control group it was observed only in 40% of volunteers. The characteristics ofrelationship with fathers the results were similar, however in two depressive groupsa bond described as .control without a feelingh was less prevalent \(about 50%\). Adistinct type of childhood relationship withparents was not related to treatment\-resistance of future depressive disorders.Results from examination of different aspects of family functioning reveal atype of discomfort that is present in families with a member suffering from"]

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