Szukana fraza: [Abstrakt = "ons are mostly chronic and include peripheral neuropathy and cognitive impairment. According to previous studies, diabetic neuropathy develops in half of patients. It may affect sensory, motor and autonomic fibers. Symptoms include sensory loss, hyperalgesia, allodynia and paresthesias as well as neuropathic pain. The involvement of autonomic fibers results in orthostatic hypotension, thermoregulatory disturbances, constipation or diarrhea, and sexual dysfunction. Neurological signs include impaired touch and vibration sensation, as well as increase in pain, heat and cold threshold. With progression, deep tendon reflexes decrease and become absent. Muscles may become weak and wasted and fasciculations may occur. The main mechanism of the development of neuropathy is microangiopathy. The main risk factors are older age, longer disease duration, and higher glycated hemoglobin \(HbA1c\) level. Other factors include dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, smoking, alcohol abuse and greater body height. Fluctuations of glucose level, including even transient and small deviations may impair conduction of distal nerve fibers, which was confirmed by examining the plantar nerves. Cognitive impairment in DM1 affects executive functions, memory, verbal intelligence and others. The risk factors for cognitive impairment are higher age, age of diabetes onset, duration of the disease, chronic hype"]

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